Le ministère sénégalais en charge de la microfinance et de l’économie sociale et solidaire a présidé ce jeudi, 25 juillet à Dakar, la 29ème session du Comité national de coordination des activités de microfinance (Cnc).
Alioune Dione a soutenu à l’occasion que la « vitalité » du secteur de la microfinance au Sénégal n’est plus à démontrer avec, entre autres, plus de 4 millions de clients, 570,5 milliards de F Cfa d’encours d’épargne et 752,6 milliards F Cfa de crédit à fin décembre 2023.
4 306 771 membres/clients, 297 Systèmes financiers décentralisés (Sfd), plus de 905 points de services, un taux d’inclusion financière de 19,7%, des encours d’épargne de 570,5 milliards de francs Cfa et des crédits qui s’élèvent à 752,6 milliards de francs Cfa. Tel est le poids du secteur de la microfinance au Sénégal, au 31 décembre 2023.
Un tel secteur, dans un contexte de découvertes et d’exploitation prochaine de ressources naturelles, mérite une mobilisation et des réflexions des acteurs concernés pour optimiser son impact pour l’économie, notamment sociale et solidaire, mais également pour l’économie nationale dans son ensemble.
C’est pourquoi, les services du ministère de tutelle ont tenu à convoquer ce jeudi, 25 juillet, la 29ème session du Comité national de coordination des activités de la microfinance qui vise à partager et à échanger sur l’étude portant sur le thème « les taux d’intérêt appliqués à la clientèle des Systèmes financiers décentralisés ».
Ces résultats de l’étude montrent sans équivoque, selon le ministre de tutelle, Alioune Dione, que la microfinance contribue de manière très appréciable au financement de l’économie du pays.
De ce point de vue, il a indiqué que la microfinance constitue forcément un des leviers sur lesquels comptent s’appuyer le président de la République Bassirou Diomaye Diakhar Faye pour atteindre les objectifs de souveraineté économique et de développement endogène des populations fixés au gouvernement sous la coordination du premier ministre Ousmane Sonko.
C’est pourquoi, a-t-il dit, il est attendu des acteurs du secteur, le renforcement de leurs interventions dans l’accompagnement des politiques publiques, dont l’objectif est de mettre la microfinance au service de l’Économie sociale et solidaire (Ess) et de faire de cette dernière un vecteur puissant de création d’emplois et de richesses partagées.
A l’en croire, cette importante étude propose une évaluation de la situation des taux d’intérêt débiteurs appliqués par les Sfs et formule des recommandations qui pourraient contribuer à leur allègement.
En ce sens, M. Dione a relevé que la question des taux d’intérêt est « devenue trop chargée au regard des passions qu’elle soulève, des incertitudes qu’elle suscite, des difficultés d’analyse qu’elle laisse souvent entrevoir ».
73% des Sfd ont allégé les conditions de leurs crédits
Selon lui, l’étude a permis de révéler entre autres que 73% des Sfd ont procédé à l’allègement des conditions de leurs crédits à la suite de la baisse du taux d’usure de 27% à 24% en 2014 ; la rentabilité des Sfd est limitée par un certain nombre de facteurs internes, à savoir la forte dégradation de la qualité du portefeuille ; les coûts opérationnels élevés ; une tarification inadéquate des produits de prêt.
De même, il a soutenu que des facteurs exogènes ont eu à affecter négativement la performance des Sfd.
Il a cité en ce sens l’inflation, la fiscalité, la réglementation prudentielle, l’étroitesse du marché de refinancement, les facteurs environnementaux, les changements dans la législation du travail et la crise sanitaire de la Covid-19.
Dans ce sillage le ministre a invité les acteurs à « faire preuve d’ingéniosité et d’inventivité pour offrir des services financiers accessibles, afin d’inverser la perception négative des populations sur les produits de la microfinance ».
En tout état de cause, M. Dione a confié que le délaissement, par les Sfd, des cibles « naturelles », dont une bonne partie est constituée d’acteurs de l’économie sociale et solidaire, pourrait contraindre l’État à poursuivre des interventions directes dans le crédit en vue de desservir les populations démunies à accéder au financement.
Il a souligné dans la foulée que « même si cela n’est pas viable à moyen-long terme, l’État ne pourra pas croiser les bras face à la détresse des populations ».
Actu-Economie
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