Beaucoup d’enfants victime de paralysie cérébrale sont abandonnés à leur sort. Certains sont utilisés par leur parents ou des proches pour faire la manche dans les rues du pays. Au niveau médical, peu de structures les prennent en charge par manque de spécialistes ou encore de centre de rééducation adapté.
Une situation qui hypothèque la vie de plus de 200 enfants recensés au sein d’une association des familles d’enfants victimes de paralysie cérébrale(AFEPC),
La paralysie cérébrale est une affection neurologique qui nécessite une prise en charge multidisciplinaire et spécialisée.
Au Sénégal, les seuls centres de prises en charge sont logés dans la capitale. A Dakar, si le centre national d’appareillage orthopédique (Cnao) accueille plus, des enfants victime de cette affection, sa capacité d’accueil est loin de contenir la demande en soin qui s’offre en lui.
Quant au centre Talibou Dabo, le déficit en matériel de soin fait que des patients le déserte pour aller vers les structures de santé même si la prise en charge dans ces zones n’est pas adaptée.
Notons que la paralysie cérébrale affecte le plus souvent le mouvement et la posture, résultant de lésions non évolutives survenues sur le cerveau en développement du fœtus ou du nourrisson. Selon les spécialistes de ces maladies, une fois que ces lésions sont installées, elles deviennent irréversibles et entraînent des limitations d’activités et peuvent être accompagnées de troubles sensoriels, perceptifs entre autres.
Le traitement est à vie et les victimes ont besoin d’aide durant toute leur vie même si peu deviennent autonome après un suivi régulier.
« Bien que la paralysie cérébrale soit irréversible, une prise en charge adaptée peut améliorer la qualité de vie des personnes concernées. Cela inclut des interventions en kinésithérapie, ergothérapie, orthophonie, ainsi que l’utilisation d’appareillages spécifiques.
Dans certains cas, des traitements médicamenteux ou chirurgicaux peuvent être envisagés pour gérer les symptômes et les complications associées » soulignent des spécialistes.
Au Sénégal, à cause de la cherté de la prise en charge et de la non-disponibilité des centres de prise en charge dans certaines régions et de la discrimination de la société, beaucoup de parents cachent leurs enfants victime de cette maladie dans les maisons. Ils sont quasiment enfermés dans les chambres loin des regards de la société. Quant aux plus âgés utilisés par leurs parents pour faire la manche dans les rues de Dakar.
Au sein de l’association des familles d’enfants victimes de paralysie cérébrale (AFEPC), le président Rawan Samb avait déploré lors de la dernière journée mondiale de la PC, l’absence de structures et d’établissements dédiés à la prise en charge de cette affection ainsi que le manque de spécialistes qui peuvent leur donner une éducation adéquate à l’état de santé des victimes.
A l’en croire, le centre Talibou Dabo qui est le centre de référence dans le domaine n’accueille pas beaucoup d’enfants même s’il dispose d’un département pour l’infirmité motrice cérébrale (IMC). A cela s’ajoute l’absence de spécialistes.
En effet, la prise en charge de ces enfants doit se faire de façon pluridisciplinaire avec des ergothérapeutes, des psychomotriciens, des orthophonistes. Malheureusement, le Sénégal ne dispose que pour le moment de kinésithérapeutes. «Si nous prenons l’exemple du centre national d’appareils orthopédiques, il y a un seul kiné qui s’occupe de centaine de malades.
Et actuellement, sur la liste d’attente, on a plus de 200 enfants », déplore Mr Samb.
Rappelons que les causes de cette maladie sont variées et incluent les infections ou maladies pendant la grossesse, la grande prématurité, l’accouchement difficile, les maladies survenant dans les premiers mois de la vie de l’enfant.
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