Comment appréhendez-vous cette tendance qu’ont les gens à faire des commentaires négatifs sur le physique de l’autre ?
La société sénégalaise, comme toute société, dispose d’un système de régulation sociale pour garantir le fonctionnement souhaité des interactions entre ses membres. Cela requiert l’établissement de normes, de valeurs et des règles de conduites applicables à des degrés différents dont la force réside dans leur caractère coercitif. Ainsi, tout membre qui s’en écarte devient, de facto, la victime. Et par conséquent, il lui est applicable la sanction prévue à cet effet.
C’est dans cette optique qu’il faudrait comprendre l’usage «d’un propos désobligeant», une forme de réaction sociale comme sanction à l’encontre d’un membre de la société jugé fautif d’un écart de conduite. L’objectif est de blesser l’autre, avec ce qu’on dit, afin qu’il puisse se tenir à carreaux. Autrement dit, il s’agit de l’humilier par la remarque avec laquelle, d’ailleurs, on lui rappelle les imperfections dont son corps est plein, au regard de la représentation que la société fait du corps. En effet, c’est par la physionomie du corps que notre société juge et admire la personnalité de la personne, au point qu’elle tolère difficilement les insuffisances comme les excès physionomiques (tête, ventre, faciès, yeux, bouches, lèvres, fesses…).
Quels impacts peuvent avoir ces remarques sur l’état d’esprit de la personne ?
Sous cet angle, tout excès ou insuffisance est perçu comme une opportunité malveillante dont il faut user pour réagir face à la personne dont le physique est en cause. En s’en prenant à la personne, le commentaire désobligeant résonne comme la sanction sociale admise par laquelle on se soustrait à l’ascendance de l’autre qui s’exprime par d’autres attributs dont on se libère en même temps par un «rire sarcastique parce que réparateur» des angoisses subies.
C’est dire qu’il est admis, au sein du système de régulation sociale, au même titre que toute autre sanction (l’abandon, le châtiment, la prison…), d’émettre des jugements de nature à rabaisser, à humilier, à déstabiliser l’autre chez qui on a noté un comportement de l’ordre de ceux qui sont dignes de blâmes en société, lorsqu’il s’éloigne des valeurs morales telles que la discrétion, l’humilité, la courtoisie, la politesse, la sociabilité, la bonté, la justice que sais-je encore.
Si l’on se place du côté de la personne qui critique, n’est-ce pas pour elle une manière de projeter ses insécurités sur l’autre ?
Le résultat recherché, comme la conséquence manifeste sur la personne visée, est d’abord de manipuler sa conscience afin qu’elle puisse douter de sa propre fierté et des attributs qui la différencient des autres et ensuite lui fait changer de regard sur elle-même. Ce changement de regard sape toute confiance en elle, en installant la honte d’avoir sur elle les stigmates de l’imperfection physionomique au point qu’elle soit désormais condamnée à faire l’autruche en public.
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