Les constructions d’autoponts dans la région de Dakar visent évidemment à régler un problème structurel : réduire les embouteillages dans la capitale. Mais, leurs espaces aménagés sont occupés par des vendeurs de téléphone, de produits cosmétiques, de gadgets électroniques.

Les aménagements réalisés pour servir d’aires de repos sont des «abris» provisoires de marchands dans une impunité totale. A Keur Massar et Lobatt Fall, c’est l’anarchie.

Comme un rassemblement orchestré, il ne désemplit pas. Tous les jours, c’est le même décor. Ou presque. La même ambiance. Les vendeurs de banane, de beignets, de café-Touba, ceux qui attendent impatiemment leur bus ou encore qui viennent juste «prendre l’air». Bienvenu à l’autopont de Keur Massar… Il est devenu un mix marché-jardin public.

C’est l’expression qu’on pourrait utiliser pour expliquer les foules qu’on trouve chaque jour sous cette infrastructure routière construite pour désengorger la très peuplée Keur Massar, située dans la lointaine banlieue dakaroise. En ce mardi ensoleillé, il règne une ambiance indescriptible à Keur Massar.

Il y a les incessants klaxons des voitures qui se mêlent aux avis de vente amplifiés par hautparleurs des marchands, les cris et les mots balancés par une foule qui ne tarit pas. On pourrait se croire dans une foire, mais non…, c’est juste l’atmosphère que «les occupants» ont réussi à instaurer.

Difficile de s’y rendre sans se bousculer. Alors que le soleil se retire, l’endroit accueille encore du monde. Etonnant qu’il y ait autant de personnes à la fin de l’après-midi. Pour Abdoulaye, le pic est atteint le soir, après que d’autres vendeurs décident d’y achalander après le crépuscule.

«Les gens sont plus nombreux aux alentours de 13h à 15h, pire de 19h à 20h ou 21h, l’heure où la plupart rentrent chez eux», dit-il.

Chaque jour, ce sont des groupes de personnes qui se retrouvent sous l’autopont. Parmi elles, se distinguent le plus les vendeurs de téléphone portable. Ils occupent sans ciller les espaces sous l’autopont qui, d’ailleurs, est devenu «leur marché».

Alors que les automobilistes se plaignent des embouteillages, de la mauvaise direction du pont, les marchands ambulants se réjouissent de l’implantation de ce «joyau». Avec un large sourire, Abdoulaye, vendeur, assure : «L’autopont est d’une très grande utilité. Je suis extrêmement content de sa construction car il nous facilite beaucoup notre travail.

Il nous permet de nous abriter quand il y a le soleil, et même quand il pleut, c’est ici qu’on trouve refuge.» Un détournement d’objectif ? Il ne se préoccupe point de l’occupation anarchique de cet espace. Lui et ses amis ont transformé l’aire de l’autopont en centre commercial envahi par des «marketmen», comme on les appelle souvent au Sénégal. Ils squattent tous ses alentours.

Ils exposent des téléphones portables de toutes marques, hèlent les passants, sans faire attention à cette fumée crachée par de vieux véhicules conduits par des chauffeurs tendus par les longues files d’embouteillage.

Occupation anarchique : Keur Massar, Lobatt Fall… envahis
Ousmane Ka émet le même son de cloche que Abdoulaye : «L’autopont nous est vraiment utile car on peut se reposer ici quand on est fatigués, et même pour la vente, nous ne sommes pas obligés d’être dans des boutiques. Nous avons la possibilité d’écouler nos marchandises tranquillement.»

Elle a été érigée sur une rue marchande, qui était avant son érection le cœur économique de cette ville. Et les vendeurs sont revenus reprendre… leur place sous le pont aménagé pour servir d’aire de repos ou de détente aux populations de cette localité où les constructions poussent pour contenir une démographie galopante.

Privés d’espaces verts, qui ne sont jamais prévus dans le projet d’urbanisation, les Keur-Massarois sont chassés de ce coin par des vendeurs de tous acabits.

Pourtant, il a été assuré lors de la livraison de l’autopont par le Préfet de Keur Massar, M. Sahite Fall, qu’il ne serait pas toléré son occupation illégale : «J’ai déjà pris un arrêté portant interdiction de l’occupation de toute l’emprise de l’autopont depuis Torino, Brioche dorée jusqu’à la pharmacie Birane Ly.» Un engagement tombé dans l’oubli.

Aujourd’hui, les vendeurs ambulants de téléphone y règnent en maîtres, surtout dans la soirée. Selon un agent municipal, «la mairie de Keur Massar Nord les a sommés à plusieurs reprises de déguerpir, mais ils refusent de le faire».

Modou Diop s’indigne de cette installation anarchique des marchands, privant les résidents de cet espace aménagé sous l’autopont qui a coûté 10 milliards F Cfa. «On ne peut pas dépenser autant d’argent et laisser des personnes détruire ce bien», regrette-t-il.

Pourtant, il était venu pour prendre un peu d’air, mais chaque cm2 est conquis par les vendeurs.

Nettoiement et entretien
Ce sont les mêmes images et complaintes au niveau de la plupart des «ponts» érigés dans de nombreuses zones de la capitale. A Lobatt Fall, situé à Pikine, tous les profils de vendeurs sont réunis sous l’ombre que l’autopont offre : cartons remplis de cure-dents, de produits de dératisation et alimentaires, de gadgets électroniques, de matériel automobile.

Il y a aussi certains qui dorment à poings fermés, à même le sol, après avoir avalé plusieurs kilomètres comme ambulants. Alors que le soleil est au plus haut, l’afflux ne cesse pas.

«C’est mon coin désormais», déclare Djiby. C’est un vendeur de produits électroniques. «A 8h, je suis là et je ne quitte que vers 20h», ajoute-t-il, adossé à un morceau de pierre, peint en jaune, qui sert de banc aux visiteurs. Aux yeux de ce beau monde, ces infrastructures servent d’espace commercial.

«C’est un endroit bien situé, fréquenté et il y a souvent des embouteillages aux alentours. Tout le monde en profite», ajoute Tapha. Il a déjà un coin à lui dédié exclusivement, comme s’il avait un contrat de location. «Toutes les personnes qui viennent ici savent où se mettre. Je me mets toujours en face de la station parce que je vise le passage piéton», explique-t-il.

C’est une situation qui a vite fait d’être banalisée. A l’image des passerelles piétonnes, installées le long des autoroutes, conquises par des vendeurs et des mendiants. Même si la situation est moins dramatique au niveau de la Cité Keur Gorgui où deux ponts se succèdent sur un rayon de quelques mètres. «Qu’est-ce je viens faire ici ?», s’interroge un passant.

«Cela devait être un endroit de détente comme celui de Yoff où des terrains de basket ont été érigés. Même s’il y a des vendeurs, c’est plus réglementé et plus sûr. Ici, les populations voisines ne viennent pas», poursuit-il. Pour lui, il devait être mis en place un système de surveillance et d’occupation de ces ouvrages pour veiller à leur durabilité et pérennité. «On aurait dû mettre en place du Wifi gratuit et d’autres petits investissements qui rendraient l’enceinte attrayante.

Mais, rien n’a été fait. Si je dois être bousculé par les vendeurs, je préfère rester chez moi pour regarder la télévision», se résigne Abdou Rahmane, qui habite la Cité Lobatt Fall, surplombée par l’autopont éponyme, situé au croisement de Seras et de Technopôle. «Pour des raisons de sécurité, personne ne vient s’y aventurer le soir, parce qu’il est entouré d’endroits criminogènes.

De toute façon, on a laissé faire. Il faudra faire des opérations de sécurisation, venir surveiller afin de dissuader les gens de s’installer. C’est fatigant, mais on dirait que cette anarchie arrange tout le monde», expose une jeune dame, sémillante dans une robe Bazin de couleur blanche. Pour l’instant, les agents de nettoiement tiennent l’endroit propre.

Il faut rappeler que ces ouvrages s’inscrivent dans le cadre du programme de construction d’une vingtaine d’autoponts au niveau national pour améliorer la circulation des biens et des personnes. Celui de Lobatt Fall a coûté plus de 9, 17 milliards de francs Cfa et les travaux ont duré 6 à 7 mois. Il y a en construction présentement les autoponts de la Cité des eaux et de Diamniadio, après la réception de celui de Cambérène.

Quotidien

Part.

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