Un arrêté ministériel publié ce mardi 22 avril, avec effet immédiat, a suspendu les activités de tous les médias jugés « non conformes » au Code de la presse. Une mesure qui fait l’effet d’un choc dans le paysage médiatique sénégalais, à quelques jours de la Journée internationale de la liberté de la presse, célébrée chaque année le 3 mai.
L’arrêté, pris sans consultation préalable ni procédure judiciaire, a immédiatement suscité une vague d’indignation parmi les professionnels de l’information, les défenseurs des droits humains et les observateurs internationaux.
En cause, une censure administrative jugée arbitraire et incompatible avec les engagements internationaux du Sénégal en matière de liberté d’expression.
Selon l’organisation ARTICLE 19, spécialisée dans la défense de la liberté d’expression, cet acte administratif instaure un système de censure préalable sans fondement légal solide.
« L’arrêté ne prévoit ni procédure contradictoire, ni contrôle judiciaire préalable, ni même de recours effectif pour les médias concernés », déplore l’ONG dans un communiqué.
L’organisation rappelle que cette décision va à l’encontre de la Déclaration des principes sur la liberté d’expression et l’accès à l’information en Afrique, ainsi que des normes internationales, notamment celles prévues par l’article 19 du Pacte international relatif aux droits civils et politiques.
Ce dernier encadre strictement les restrictions à la liberté de la presse, ne les admettant que dans des cas précis : protection de la réputation d’autrui, sécurité nationale, ordre public ou santé.
Face à cette situation, ARTICLE 19 appelle les autorités à suspendre immédiatement l’application de l’arrêté et à engager sans délai une réforme profonde du Code de la presse.
L’ONG recommande une approche multipartite de co-régulation, associant les médias, la société civile et les institutions publiques, pour garantir un équilibre entre liberté d’informer et responsabilité éditoriale.
Parmi les revendications figurent également le renforcement de l’indépendance des organes de régulation de la radiodiffusion, des télécommunications et d’internet, ainsi que l’instauration de mécanismes judiciaires pour encadrer toute restriction aux activités des médias.
Alors que le Sénégal s’était engagé à revoir les dispositions liberticides de son Code de la presse, cette suspension massive fait craindre un recul démocratique majeur. À moins de deux semaines de la Journée internationale de la liberté de la presse, la décision ministérielle résonne comme un signal d’alarme.
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