L’écrivaine et romancière sénégalaise Mariétou Mbaye « Ken Bugul’’ estime qu’un pays dépourvu de culture peut être confronté à « davantage de frustration, de mendicité identitaire et de désespoir », ce qui peut mener à « la violence et à des risques inutiles voire à la perte » de vies humaines.
« Un pays dépourvu de culture engendre davantage de frustration, de mendicité identitaire et de désespoir, ce qui mène à la violence et à des risques inutiles voire à la perte de vie. C’est ce que nous voyons aujourd’hui, rien ne peut remédier à cela que la littérature et la culture en générale’’, a déclaré « Ken Bugul’’, marraine de la Journée internationale de l’écrivain africain célébrée du 7 au 11 novembre.
Au Sénégal, cette 31-ème édition est axée sur le thème « Littérature et émigration’’.
Parmi toutes les solutions proposées pour résoudre la question de la migration de notre jeunesse Ken Bugul affirme que « rien ne surpasse la culture » parce qu’elle plonge « ses racines dans les sens, les sensations et émotions, l’être humain a besoin plus de nourriture’’. Ken Bugul salue la pertinence du thème de cette journée dans le contexte actuel où plusieurs jeunes sénégalais périssent dans l’atlantique en tentant de rejoindre l’Europe et plaide pour cette jeunesse ‘’soif de culture’’.
« La migration est un instinct naturel par conséquent l’ouverture et l’adaptation sont essentielles’’, a fait valoir l’auteur du « Trio bleu’’, le dernier roman de la romancière sur le sujet de l’émigration publié en 2022 par la maison d’édition « Présence africaine’’. L’auteure rappelle la politique culturelle du président Léopold Sédar Senghor ‘’renommée et admirée’’ dans le monde et qui contribuait à la stabilité et à l’épanouissement de son peuple
« Les gens de ma génération n’éprouvaient pas le besoin de migrer. La littérature, la danse, la musique, la culture de manière générale renforcent notre ancrage dans une identité et un sentiment d’appartenance’’, a-t-elle souligné précisant que c’est la dynamique de l’enracinement et de l’ouverture qu’incarne la vision senghorienne de la civilisation de l’universel
La migration est perçue comme une problématique, déplore t-elle, dans un monde de repli sur soi, d’indifférence, de construction de mur de plus en plus haut, de montée du nationalisme alors que la migration est « le phénomène le plus naturel de la création ».
Pour Ken Bugul, toute vie nécessite une migration, « l’être humain à l’instar de la plupart des mammifères vient de la migration des spermatozoïdes vers les ovaires. La race humaine actuelle découle de la migration’’. Ce phénomène est aussi valable pour la littérature qui encourage l’écrivain à être un migrant perpétuel de son temps, selon Ken Bugul.
De nombreuses œuvres traitent de la migration dans la littérature sénégalaise. On peut, entre autres, « Douceur du bercail’’ d’Aminata Sow Fall, « Le ventre de l’Atlantique’’ de Fatou Diome, « 3052’’ de Mamadou Dia de Gandiol, « Mbëk mi’’ de Abass Ndione, « Silence du cœur’’ de Mouhamed Mbougar Sarr et « Le trio bleue’’ de Ken Bugul.
« L’écrivain doit faire voyager son imagination pour traverser les frontières, repousser les limites, briser les barrières à travers la créativité, explorer des mondes croiser et confronter des imaginaires d’ici et d’ailleurs, acquérir connaissance et savoir et tout cela passe par le livre qui devient un pays en soi »’, a soutenu L’écrivaine et romancière sénégalaise Mariétou Mbaye ‘’Ken Bugul’’.
APS
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