Le Bureau opérationnel de suivi du plan Sénégal émergent (Bos/Pse) a procédé ce lundi 27 novembre à la restitution de l’étude sur la vulnérabilité des ménages au Sénégal avec la « construction d’un Indice de connexion des ménages à l’économie (Icme) ».

Le directeur général du Bos/Pse a expliqué, à l’ouverture de l’atelier de restitution de l’étude, que l’objectif était de développer un indicateur visant à suivre le niveau de connexion des ménages aux services sociaux de base et aux opportunités économiques.

Maître El Ousseyni Kane a précisé à l’occasion que cet indicateur prend en compte plusieurs dimensions liées notamment à l’économie, à l’éducation, à la santé et à la vie communautaire.

Il ressort du résumé exécutif de l’étude que l’indicateur (Icme) est « construit de sorte à ce que lorsque le niveau de connexion à l’économie augmente, l’indice global augmente et baisse lorsque le niveau de connexion est faible. »

« Normalisée, la valeur de référence représentant un niveau de connexion parfaite est 1 », précise le document.

L’étude montre qu’au Sénégal, le score moyen de connexion à l’économie est de 0,57. Elle révèle dans la foulée que les régions de Kolda et Kédougou affichent les scores de connexion les plus bas, avec chacune un score moyen de 0,42 tandis que Dakar présente un score moyen de 0,69.

L’étude du Bos/Pse révèle que, globalement, les ménages vivant dans les régions urbaines ont un niveau de connexion à l’économie plus élevé que ceux vivant dans les régions rurales.

Cela reflète une plus grande disponibilité d’opportunités économiques, d’infrastructures et de ressources dans les zones urbaines par rapport aux zones rurales. La moyenne du niveau de connexion à l’économie des ménages du groupe rural est de 0,49 tandis que celle du groupe urbain est de 0,64.

Dans le même sillage, l’étude montre que les chefs de ménage de sexe féminin ont un niveau de connexion à l’économie plus élevé que les chefs de ménages de sexe masculin. La moyenne du niveau de connexion à l’économie est de 0,6 pour les chefs de ménages de sexe féminin et de 0,56 pour les chefs de ménages de sexe masculin.

Il ressort de l’étude également que Dakar, Fatick, Thiès, Matam, Zinguinchor et Sédhiou sont les régions qui ont les indices de connexion les plus élevés par rapport à l’accès à l’éducation. Par rapport à l’accès à la santé, Dakar, Diourbel, Kaolack, Zinguinchor, Fatick, Saint-Louis ont les indices les plus élevés alors que Matam, Sédhiou et Kédougou ont les plus faibles niveaux d’indice.

En ce qui concerne les opportunités économiques, il ressort de l’étude que les régions de Dakar, Diourbel, Thiès, Kaolack et Zinguinchor ont les indices les plus élevés. Pour la dimension « vie communautaire », les régions de Dakar, Matam, Fatick, Saint-Louis, Kaolack et Ziguinchor sont en tête.

Les recommandations de l’étude

Entre autres recommandations, l’étude du Bos/Pse souligne l’importance de renforcer et de faciliter l’accès aux services sociaux tels que l’éducation, les soins de santé, l’eau potable et l’assainissement, notamment à Diourbel, Matam, Kédougou.

Il est dans la foulée, recommandé de partager les résultats de l’indice avec les responsables de programmes et projets liés à la connexion des ménages à l’économie et de réduire les inégalités économiques par le renforcement des politiques de protection sociale et l’accès équitable aux ressources et aux opportunités.

L’étude suggère également de densifier et d’améliorer l’accès aux infrastructures de transport, aux réseaux électriques et de communication avec une priorité dans les régions de Sédhiou, Kaffrine, Tambacounda, Kédougou et Kolda.

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Part.

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