Avec la survenue du Covid-19, les règles du monde du travail ont changé : le télétravail a été imposé, le chômage technique, avec le versement de 70% du salaire, a été improvisé. Datant de 1997, le Code du travail actuel ne répond plus aux exigences de compétitivité des entreprises et de l’environnement des affaires.
Le Code du travail a 24 ans alors que le monde professionnel a connu des transformations, «notamment l’entreprise a connu des mutations, de nouvelles formes de travail sont apparues et la problématique de l’emploi et de la formation des jeunes se pose avec acuité». Face à de tels bouleversements, le présent Code est-il toujours d’actualité ? S’est interrogée l’Amicale des inspecteurs et contrôleurs du travail et de la sécurité sociale, qui organise les Journées du monde du travail (Jm). Est-il adapté aux exigences de compétitivité de nos entreprises et d’amélioration de l’environnement des affaires ? Répond-il encore suffisamment aux attentes et aspirations des salariés et partenaires sociaux ?
Avec la survenue du Covid-19, toutes les règles de travail ont changé. «Par exemple, lors de la pandémie du Covid-19, le télétravail, qui n’a pas de fondement juridique dans le Code du travail, a été pris en compte, par conséquent le chômage technique a dû être ajusté. On a demandé aux employeurs de payer au moins 70% du salaire», rappelle Ndiaga Ndiaye, inspecteur du travail et président de l’Amicale des inspecteurs et contrôleurs du travail et de la sécurité sociale (Aictss). «L’internet a pénétré et modifié positivement les relations de travail, il faudra peut-être actualiser pour faire en sorte que le Code du travail sénégalais réponde mieux à l’exigence de l’heure et penser à la protection du travailleur», enchaîne M. Ndiaye.
Ce qui montre l’importance de réviser le Code du travail, qui a atteint ses limites avec les changements de la gouvernance du marché du travail, l’internet, l’avènement des métiers du numérique, les Très petites, Petites et moyennes entreprises (Tp-Pme), le travail informel, les travailleurs intérimaires, le pouvoir des inspecteurs du travail… Bref, il s’agit de la mise en place d’un document final consensuel, qui répond aux besoins des uns et des autres… Que va-t-il se passer ? Aujourd’hui, c’est tout l’écosystème du travail qui va être corrigé. «Le projet s’emploiera à faire progresser la réforme du droit du travail, à accroître l’efficience de l’administration du travail et à renforcer les capacités des tribunaux du travail.
En outre, le projet soutiendra les inspections du travail pour réformer, optimiser les processus et améliorer l’accessibilité pour les usagers. Cette intervention sera renforcée par la conception d’un système moderne de formation continue pour les inspecteurs, contrôleurs et le personnel de l’administration du travail. Les services des tribunaux du travail seront analysés et mieux harmonisés. Finalement, il est prévu une extension de la sécurité sociale des groupes vulnérables à travers l’appui aux initiatives endogènes de prise en charge de la couverture sanitaire des travailleurs du secteur informel. Pour ce faire, une démarche participative, qui mise sur la coordination et la création de synergies pour améliorer le contexte du droit du travail à tous les niveaux, sera adoptée», note Doyen Coly, agent du ministère du travail.
Il faut rappeler que le Sénégal compte quelque «500 mille travailleurs dont 150 mille fonctionnaires».
lequotiden
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