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A cause du vieillissement de la population, du tabac, de l’alcool, de la pollution de l’air… : La charge des cancers devrait augmenter d’ici 2050

Par 439 commentaires2 Minutes de Lecture

L’avenir n’est pas rassurant, car la charge des cancers devrait augmenter d’ici 2050. Selon les estimations, plus de 35 millions de nouveaux cas de cancer devraient être enregistrés en 2050, soit une augmentation de 77% par rapport aux 20 millions de cas estimés en 2022. Pourquoi ?

«La progression rapide de la charge des cancers s’explique par le vieillissement et la croissance de la population, mais aussi par des évolutions dans l’exposition aux facteurs de risque, associées dans certains cas au développement socioéconomique. Le tabac, l’alcool et l’obésité sont les principaux facteurs expliquant l’augmentation de l’incidence du cancer, et la pollution de l’air reste l’un des grands facteurs de risque environnementaux», note l’Oms.

«Concernant la charge en termes absolus, les pays à Idh élevé devraient connaître la plus forte progression de l’incidence (4, 8 millions de nouveaux cas supplémentaires prévus en 2050 par rapport aux estimations de 2022). Proportionnellement, cependant, c’est dans les pays à Idh faible (142% de hausse) et à Idh intermédiaire (99%) que la hausse sera la plus forte», note-t-elle.

Alors que la mortalité due au cancer devrait presque doubler en 2050 dans ces pays.

«L’impact de cette augmentation ne sera pas ressenti de manière égale entre les pays ayant des niveaux d’Idh différents. Ceux ayant les plus faibles ressources pour gérer leurs fardeaux respectifs seront les plus durement touchés par la charge mondiale du cancer», explique Dr Freddie Bray, chef de la branche Surveillance du cancer du Circ.

«En dépit des progrès dans la détection précoce des cancers et dans les traitements et soins, d’importantes disparités sont observées concernant les résultats des traitements anticancéreux, entre les régions à revenu élevé et à revenu faible, mais aussi à l’intérieur même des pays. La situation géographique ne devrait pas déterminer les chances de survie.

Des outils existent pour permettre aux gouvernements de donner la priorité nécessaire aux soins anticancéreux et faire en sorte que chacun ait accès à des services de qualité à un coût abordable. Il ne s’agit pas d’une simple question de ressources -cela relève également d’une volonté politique», enchaîne Dr Cary Adams, qui dirige l’Union internationale contre le cancer (Uicc).

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