Le Conseil Constitutionnel est de nouveau amputé d’un membre. Papa Oumar Sakho qui occupait jusqu’ici le poste de président de cette haute juridiction est officiellement admis à faire valoir ses droits à la retraite, le jeudi 11 août dernier, à minuit. Ainsi, faute de nomination de son remplaçant par le chef de l’Etat, le Conseil Constitutionnel est de nouveau rattrapé par l’épisode de juillet 2021 qui lui avait valu toutes sortes de critiques.
Le Conseil Constitutionnel n’a plus de président. Papa Oumar Sakho qui occupait jusqu’ici ce poste a officiellement quitté ses fonctions le jeudi 11 août, à minuit. Nommé par décret n°2016-1222 du 12 août 2016 pour un mandat de 6 ans non renouvelable, le désormais ancien président du Conseil constitutionnel est admis à faire valoir ses droits à la retraite et n’a donc plus droit de participer aux délibérations du Conseil Constitutionnel sous peine de les rendre illégales au regard des dispositions de la loi organique n° 2016-23 du 14 juillet 2016 relative au Conseil constitutionnel.
De l’autre côté, le président de la République qui devait procéder à la nomination non seulement d’un nouveau membre du Conseil constitutionnel mais aussi du remplacement de Papa Oumar Sakho à la présidence de la haute juridiction n’est pas encore passé à l’acte ou du moins n’a pas encore officialisé sa décision.
Une situation qui a fini de mettre le Conseil constitutionnel dans une position très délicate puisqu’il est amputé d’un de ses membres et sans président dont la voix est prépondérante en cas d’égalité des voix lors des délibérations.
Seulement, il faut souligner que ce ne n’est pas une première fois que cette haute juridiction traverse une telle situation. D’ailleurs, on se rappelle l’épisode de juillet 2021 qui avait valu au Conseil constitutionnel toutes sortes de critiques.
A l’époque, saisi d’un recours déposé par l’opposition parlementaire contre les modifications du Code pénal, du Code de procédure pénale et du Code électoral, le Conseil constitutionnel a été contraint de statuer avec seulement quatre membres sur les sept qui la composent du fait que les trois autres étaient frappés d’un empêchement définitif.
Un des membres est décédé le 3 janvier 2021 (Mme Boussou Diao Fall) et les deux autres ont épuisé leur mandat de 6 ans, non renouvelable le 25 juin 2021. Brandissant les dispositions de l’article 23 de ladite loi organique qui souligne que « le Conseil constitutionnel ne peut délibérer qu’en présence de tous ses membres, sauf empêchement temporaire de trois d’entre eux au plus, dûment constaté par les autres membres », plusieurs personnalités avaient pris la parole pour condamner sa violation par le président Oumar Sakho et ses trois autres collègues.
Le président de la République à qui la Constitution confère le pouvoir exclusif de nomination des membres du Conseil constitutionnel est également accusé d’avoir manqué à ses obligations constitutionnelles de garant du fonctionnement régulier des institutions.
Aujourd’hui encore, un an après l’épisode de juillet 2021, voilà le Conseil constitutionnel rattrapé par cette imperfection qui risque de plonger notre pays dans une nouvelle polémique stérile dans les prochains jours. Et ceci tout simplement à cause du manque de diligence du chef de l’état dans la nomination à temps des juges devant remplacer ceux proches de la retraite.
Cette situation consistante à toujours attendre jusqu’à ce que des personnalités concernées par la retraite soient frappées d’une incapacité juridique de continuer à occuper leur fonction est d’autant plus incongrue que le Sénégal dispose de brillants magistrats et personnalités qui ont le grade et le profit d’intégrer cette haute juridiction.
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