L’avortement provoqué ou avortement clandestin n’est pas sans conséquences. Celle qui tente de le faire court le risque d’en mourir ou, au moins, de contracter une infection.
D’après l’Organisation mondiale de la santé, 6 grossesses non désirées sur 10 se terminent par un avortement provoqué. Environ 45% de l’ensemble des avortements sont non sécurisés et 97% ont lieu dans les pays en développement. L’avortement provoqué, plus connu sous le nom d’avortement clandestin, ne reste pas sans conséquences.
Dans sa présentation à l’occasion de l’atelier organisé par Planned Parenthood global à l’intention des journalistes sur la clarification des valeurs, Adama Sanokho, coordonnatrice nationale de la santé de la reproduction, a indiqué que « l’avortement non sécurisé constitue l’une des principales causes – mais évitables – de décès maternels et de morbidité. Elle peut entraîner des complications physiques et mentales ainsi qu’une charge sociale et financière pour les femmes, les communautés et les systèmes de santé ».
Les avortements chez les échappées belles ou near miss s’accompagnent souvent de complications qui mettent la vie de la femme en danger et des séquelles à long terme. Sur le plan médical, les principales complications potentiellement mortelles résultant d’un avortement à risque sont, selon Mme Sanokho, « un avortement incomplet, les hémorragies, les infections, les lésions de l’appareil génital et des organes internes par insertion d’objets dangereux comme des baguettes, des aiguilles à tricoter ou des tessons de verre pilé, dans le vagin ou l’anus », a listé Mme Sanokho.
Après la prison, place au tribunal de la société
Sur le plan social, la responsable de la santé de la reproduction indique que « l’avortement est encore tabou, et les femmes ayant eu recours à cette pratique restent stigmatisées. Le poids de la religion est fort ». La sage-femme d’ajouter : « Le regard que la société porte sur une femme victime d’avortement à risque reste très pesant : discrimination, stigmatisation, la culpabilisation et exclusion sociale. Certaines personnes les considèrent même comme des criminelles.
L’avortement à risque est très mal vécu par la femme : remords, désarroi, détresse, dépression, voire suicide. » Elle estime que les femmes condamnées « ne sont pas au bout de leurs pénitences, lorsqu’elles terminent de purger leurs peines, souvent longues. Elles doivent alors passer devant le tribunal de la société, reconstruire les liens familiaux distendus ou coupés et affronter, au quotidien, le regard des autres ».
Selon Adama Sanokho, la tragédie ne s’arrête pas là parce que lorsqu’une mère meurt, sa famille se trouve dans « une situation de plus grande vulnérabilité, et son bébé est plus susceptible de mourir au cours de ses deux premières années de vie. Des taux élevés de mortalité infantile subsistent, notamment au sein de communautés démunies ».
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